Study Questions

• Discuss why mercantilist thinkers were not able to develop labour theory of value by considering their perception of economy and material conditions around them? Did they have proper analytical tools to discover this theory? 
• What is economic reproduction? How did Physiocrats analyse economic reproduction? 
• What did pioneers of scientific economics focus agriculture instead of industry? 
• Why did Physiocratic School assert that the wealth of nation was derived solely from the agricultural sector? 
• What are the similarities diffrences between Physiocrats and Adam Smith? 
• Why did Smith reject labor theory of value for commercial (capitalist) society? Discuss theoretical and intellectual reasons? 
• How do profit and wages change during the capital accumulation in Smith’s analysis? Discuss the meaning of these tendencies for Smith’s theory of society? 
• Why did Smith fall into a vicious cycle in his analysis of value? 
• What is natural price in Smith’s analysis? How is natural price determined? 
• Considering Smith’s and Ricardo’s analysis of growth and distribution, compare the reasons for declining rate of profit during the accumulation process in their analysis? What did they propose to solve this problem? 
• Discuss the possible intellectual and material reasons for Smith’s optimism and Ricardo’s pessimism about the effects of capital accumulation on working class. 
• Discuss the role of division of labor in Smith’s analysis? How do you interpret his analysis of division of labor in manufactures and division of labor in society? 
• It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest. We address ourselves, not to their humanity but to their self-love, and never talk to them of our own necessities but of their advantages. In your opinion how does Smith reconcillate the argument above with his view of state founded on liberal principles? What is the secret of political and social order in commercial society dominated by selfish actions? 
• Discuss the following quotation? “When Smith examined capitalism from the vantage point of production, he was led to a class conflict view of the economy; when he examined it from the vantage point of exchange, he was led to a social harmony view”. 
• Thomas Robert Malthus formulated his conservative and pessimistic population theory against the arguments of radical reformers William Godwin and Condorcet. Summarize this debate by considering material conditions of that period and intelectual context of the arguments of both side? 
• What is “Poor Law”? 
• How does Ricardo explain the deviation prices from values? 
• What is differential rent”? Why did Ricardo formulate this theory? 
• Why did Ricardo criticise "The Corn Law" ? Discuss by considering his theory of rent. 
• In Ricardo's analysis how does “profit squeeze in agriculture” decrease general rate of profit ? 
• Summarize the arguments of Malthus and Ricardo on possibilitiy of general gluts?

Study Questions for ECO 422

1- Some figures of a capitalist firm for the year 2011 are as follows: 

Raw Materials: 125

Intermediate Goods: 325

Lighting Expenses: 50

Machines: 550 (obtained at the beginning of 2011)

Depreciation Rate: 50%

Labor Costs:350

Rate of Surplus Value:150%

According to information above calculate the following amounts for 2011:

a)      surplus value.

b)      Cost price or cost of production

c)      Value

d)      rate of profit for this firm

e)      Price of  Production (average rate of profit in the economy is given as 40% )

f)        Deviation of price of production from value

g)      Organic composition of capital

2- According to Marx, how does tendency for the rate of profit to fall operate in a capitalist economy? What are the counteracting influences?

3- What is primitive accumulation? What is the role of primitive accumulation in the development of conceptual framework of classical political economy?

4-What are the main differences between classical/marxian and so called neoclassical schools in terms of value and price theory?

5- In his Theory of Capital, Jevon’s main purpose was to refute Ricardo’s claim that wages are inversely related with profits. Explain and evaluate Jevon’s views on this issue. 

6- Imagine an roundtable discussion between John Bates Clark and Karl Marx on collective bargaining between unions and corporations.

Clark says: Unions are not necesssary for workers. Because wages.......

Marx replies: ......

7-According to Marx, why the organic composition of capital must rise with accumulation?

8- According to same bearded man, what is the relationship between capital accumulation and economic concentration?

9-What are the institutional factors of general equilibrium theory of Walras? How did Walras defend these assumptions?

10-Explain the problem that Clark faced in developing his theory of capital and Böhm-Bawerk’s solution proposal to it. How does Böhm-Bawerk’s solution relate to marginal utility?

11-What are the similarities and differences between Walras’ Law and Say’s Law?

12-Explain Veblen’s views on social evolution, and his criticism against Marxists and neoclassical economists. Also explain the role of social instincts on social evolution.

12-Why is the role of entrepreneur in neoclassical school identified with the myth of Sisyphus?

13 What is the importance of Methodenstreit in the development of neoclasscial approach?

14- Explain the concepts below:

Absentee ownership

Consumerism

Some Study Questions For History of Economic Analysis I

1. What is the difference between absolutism and relativism? How do you interpret a school of thought (i.e.Scholastics, Mercantilist or Physiocracts) by using these two different approaches? 
2. Give some examples which are based on extreme forms of relativism and absolutism.
3. How does "Old Testament" regulate economic and social life? Discuss by considering its views on private property?
4. What are the main differences between oikonomos and chrematistics?
5. What are the main contributions of Aristotle to the theory of exchange and theory of money ? In this respect evaluate the importance of difference between use-value and exchange value.
6. What are the common elements between Artistotelian definitions of scope of economics and that of Canonist writers? How do you interpret the continuity in this line of thought?
7. What is the main differences between bullionism and mercantilism?
8. What are the main properties of Mercantilist thought? Discuss by considering the thougths of Thoms Mun?
9. R.L. Meek, an important historian of economic thought describes mercantilism as neo-scholasticism. Why? 
10. How did William Petty formulate an rudimentary version of labor theory of value? Is it possible to formulate such a theory by focusing on exchange relations?
11. What are the main contributions of Physiocrats to the classical political economy?
12. Discuss the context of the quotation below:

If the rod be bent too much one way, says the proverb, in order to make it straight you must bend it as much the other. The French philosophers, who have proposed the system which represents agriculture as the sole source of the revenue and wealth of every country, seem to have adopted this proverbial maxim...
Adam Smith. The Wealth of Nations. 

Study Questions For History of Econ. Analysis II -Summer School

1- Some figures of a capitalist firm for the year 2011 are as follows:
Raw Materials: 125
Intermediate Goods: 325
Lighting Expenses: 50
Machines: 550 (obtained at the beginning of 2011)
Depreciation Rate: 50%
Labor Costs:350
Rate of Surplus Value:150%
According to information above calculate the following amounts for 2011:
a) surplus value.
b) Cost price or cost of production
c) Value
d) rate of profit for this firm
e) Price of Production (average rate of profit in the economy is given as 40% )
f) Deviation of price of production from value
g) Organic composition of capital

2-According to Marx, how does tendency for the rate of profit to fall operate in a capitalist economy?What are the counteracting influences?

3- What is primitive accumulation? What is the role of primitive accumulation in the development of conceptual framework of classical political economy?

4-What are the main differences between classical/marxian and so called neoclassical schools in terms of value and price theory?

5- In his Theory of Capital, Jevon’s main purpose was to refute Ricardo’s claim that wages are inversely related with profits. Explain and evaluate Jevon’s views on this issue.

6- Imagine an roundtable discussion between John Bates Clark and Karl Marx on collective bargaining between unions and corporations.
Clark says: Unions are not necesssary for workers. Because wages.......
Marx replies: ......

7-According to Marx, why the organic composition of capital must rise with accumulation?

8- According to same bearded man, what is the relationship between capital accumulation and economic concentration?

9-What are the institutional factors of general equilibrium theory of Walras? How did Walras defend these assumptions?

10-Explain the problem that Clark faced in developing his theory of capital and Böhm-Bawerk’s solution proposal to it. How does Böhm-Bawerk’s solution relate to marginal utility?

11-What are the similarities and differences between Walras’ Law and Say’s Law?

12-Why is the role of entrepreneur in neoclassical school identified with the myth of Sisyphus?

13 What is the importance of Methodenstreit in the development of neoclasscial approach?

Some Questions For Study

The questions below are just for study


-Why a reformist programme could not be formulated in the framework of utiltarian theory? Discuss by considering the thoughts of J.S. Mill ?

-How do you assess the coexistence of utilitarian and radical thoughts in Ricardian Socialist tradition.

-How did Senior's thought on methodology pave the way for neoclassical school.

-How does "Say's Law" operate?

-How did Say, Senior and Bastiat object labor theory of value? What were the common and different elements in their objection?

-What is the role of Senior's abstinence theory in the development of marginalist approach.

-What is the possible explanation of Bastiat's conservatism?

-Why did Karl Marx criticize classical political economy?

-What are the difference between Ricardian socialists aproach to labor theory of value with that of Karl Marx?

İktisadi Analiz Tarihi II (01) Genel Sınavı

EKO 402 İktisadi Analiz Tarihi II (01) Genel Sınavı 25 Mayıs 2010
Soru-1) İlk(el) birikim kavramı konusunda Rosa Lüksemburg, Marx’tan hangi vurguyla ayrılır? Lüksemburg’un bu kavram temelinde inşa ettiği emperyalizm kuramının Veblen’in emperyalizm kavramlaştırması ile benzeştiği ve ayrıştığı noktaları tartışınız? (20 p)

Soru-2) Neoklasik refah iktisadında dışsal ekonomilere nasıl bir çözüm getirildiğini ve bu çerçevede devletin üstlendiği rolü tartışınız? Neoklasik refah iktisadı, tam rekabet piyasası varsayımları temelinde işlediği kabul edilen ekonomik alanda devletin varlığını nasıl meşrulaştırır? (20p)

Soru-3) Keynesçi modele göre askeri harcamalar ve borç ekonomisi efektif talebi uyarmak bakımından nasıl bir rol oynar? Modelin bütünsel yapısını ve Keynes’in kavramsal çerçevesini dikkate alarak yanıtlayınız? (20 p)

İktisadi Analiz Tarihi II (O1) Arasınav Soruları Bahar 2010

EKO 402 İktisadi Analiz Tarihi II (01) Arasınavı 14 Nisan 2010
Soru-1) Marx’a göre kar oranının düşme eğilimi nasıl işler? Ve bu eğilime karşı koyan etkenler nelerdir? Tartışınız.
Soru-2) Marjinalist akımın kurucularının felsefi-entelektüel bakış açılarını Karl Marx’ın görüşleri ile karşılaştırınız?

Mazeret Sınavı Soruları 11 Mayıs 2010
Soru-1) Marshall’a firma kuramına dayanak oluşturan dönem analizini açıklayınız? Marshal’a göre göre tipik firma uzun dönemde nasıl bir ölçek ekonomisi kalıbına sahiptir?
Soru-2) Marjinalist akımın kurucularının felsefi-entelektüel bakış açıları sizce Bastiat’ya mı yoksa Mill’e mi daha yakındır? Bu düşünürlerin, devletin rolü, birey, özel mülkiyet konusundaki görüşlerini dikkate alarak tartışınız.

EKO 401 İktisadi Analiz Tarihi I (01) Genel Sınav 13 Ocak 2010

Soru-1) Thomas Robert Malthus genel bolluklar argümanını nasıl temellendirmektedir? Genel bollukların ortadan kaldırılması için Malthus’un getirdiği çözüm önerilerinin, belirli bir toplumsal sınıfın çıkarlarını meşrulaştırmaya hizmet ettiği söylenebilir mi? Tartışınız (20 puan).

Soru-2) David Ricardo’nun rant teorisi ile kar oranının gerilemesi arasında nasıl bir mantıksal ilişki vardır? Ricardo’nun bu konudaki akıl yürütmesinin sosyo-ekonomik arka planı hakkında neler söylenebilir? Tartışınız (20 puan).

Soru-3) Faydacı düşünce ile emek–değer teorisinin telkin ettiği farklı teorik vizyonları, Ricardocu sosyalistler olarak bilinen Hodskin ve Thompson’un düşünceleri çerçevesinde değerlendiriniz (20 puan).

İktisadi Analiz Tarihi I (01) Arasınavı 7 Aralık 2010

Soru-1) İktisadi düşünce tarihine mutlakçı (absolutist)  ve görececi (relativist) yaklaşımları açıklayınız. (10 p)

Soru-2) Adam Smith’in Ulusların Zenginliği’nde ticari (kapitalist) toplumdaki değer teorisine dair görüşleri, mutlakçı ve görececi perspektiften nasıl değerlendirilebilir? (10p)

Soru-3) Adam Smith’in Ulusların Zenginliği’nde “ticari toplum”a ilişkin olarak sınıf çatışmasına ve toplumsal uyuma vurgu yapan karşıt perspektiflere kaynaklık eden görüşlere sahip olması sizce nasıl yorumlanabilir? Sizce Smith’in işbölümü konusundaki görüşleri ve doğal fiyat teorisinin dayanağını oluşturan kabuller hangi perspektife uymaktadır? (10p)

İktisadi Analiz Tarihi I (01) Kısa Sınavı 18 Kasım 2009

Soru 1) Merkantilist dönemin düşünürü olan Nicolas Barbon, 1690 yılında kaleme aldığı A Discource of Trade adlı eserinde fiyat ve değer konusundaki görüşlerini şöyle özetliyor:
Malların fiyatı mevcut Değerdir… Piyasa en iyi değer Hakemidir. Çünkü Malların Miktarı ve onlara olan Gereksinim, En iyi, Alıcı ve satıcıların Gelmesiyle Bilinir: Şeyler eski kurala göre satılabildikleri değerdedir.
Malların Fiyatı mevcut değerdir ve Gereksinime hizmet eden Malların Miktarı ile onlara olan gereksinimlerin ya da kullanımlarının hesaplanmasıyla doğar.
Malların değeri kullanımlarından doğar… Şeylerin kullanımı insanın isteklerini ve gereksinimlerini karşılar…

Bu düşüncelerin dayanağını oluşturan değer ve fiyat kuramını, merkantilist düşünce ile ilişkisini gözeterek tartışınız.

Soru 2) 18. yüzyıl ortalarında Fransa’da toplumsal reformcular olarak ortaya çıkan Fizyokratların iktisadi düşünceye başlıca katkıları nelerdir? Fizyokratların iktisadi reform çabaları ile teorik önermeleri arasında nasıl bir ilişki vardır?